Latest data has shown that nuclear power generation is likely to break records in 2025 as more countries invest in reactors to fuel the shift to a low-carbon global economy, while renewable energy is likely to overtake coal as a power source early next year.
According to a report on the state of global electricity markets published by the International Energy Agency (IEA) on Wednesday, China, India, Korea and Europe are likely to have new reactors come on stream, while several in Japan are also forecast to return to generation, and French output should increase.
The report showed that electricity demand is also expected to increase around the world, fuelled largely by the move to a low-carbon economy. Electric vehicles and heat pumps, as well as many low-carbon industrial processes, require electricity rather than oil and gas.
Continuing rapid growth in renewable energy supply means these additional demands are likely to be covered in full by generation from wind, solar and other clean energy sources. Renewables will make up roughly a third of total electricity generation globally by early next year.
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Dave Jones, who is the insights director at energy thinktank Ember, said that the findings marked a potential turning point.
โItโs the beginning of the end of the fossil fuel era,โ he said. โFinally, the world seems like it is past peak fossil power, a crucial milestone in the energy transition. [This report] shows that 2023 will mark the end of fossil power growth. As of this year we are likely to be in a new era of declining fossil power.โ
But he added: โPeaking is not enough โ we need deep and rapid CO2 cuts to keep within our vanishingly small carbon budget. We are doing the right things, we just need to do them even faster.โ
Fatih Birol, the IEAโs executive director, hailed the developments as a positive sign for the fight against climate breakdown, though he said far more effort was needed.
โThe power sector produces more carbon dioxide emissions than any other in the world economy, so itโs encouraging to see that the rapid growth of renewables and a steady expansion of nuclear power are on course to match all the increase in global electricity demand over the next three years,โ he said.
โThis is largely thanks to the huge momentum behind renewables, with ever cheaper solar leading the way, and support from the important comeback of nuclear power. While more progress is needed, and fast, these are very promising trends.โ
The IEAโs annual analysis of market developments and policies, Electricity 2024, published on Wednesday, showed that global electricity demand increased by 2.2% in 2023, and was likely to reach about 3.4% from 2024 to 2026. Most of the increase was expected to come from rapidly emerging economies: chiefly China, India and south-east Asia.
Story was adapted from the Guardian.
